Summary Of "Classic Sociology: Durkheim & Weber" By Juan Carlos Pontantiero - UNIVERSITY SUMMARIES - E-book - ePub

We have summarized here the essential of this book by the author. CLASSIC SOCIOLOGY: DURKHEIM & WEBERThe origin of sociology, the founding fathers       The problem of the organization of society and power was always studied, but linked to philosophy or religion. This type of philosophical or religious analysis of society goes from Greece to the Middle Ages, in the West. In the Renaissance, with MACHIAVELLI (1469-1527), the liberation for political reflection takes place, from theological or philosophical conditioning factors.
Thus, POLITICAL SCIENCE (government theory and relationship between government and society) arises, as the FIRST FIELD OF SOCIAL SCIENCE. It seeks to answer how to organize power in the expanding capitalist mode of production. The idea of the voluntary contract arises (Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau), the SOCIAL CONTRACT, where the social and the political are not something given, fixed, but a process of collective construction.
For the contractualists, man precedes society, which he creates and organizes. Thus arises the idea of "society contract", "popular sovereignty", etc.